The□on□□□□o□□enZh□DeBe□□uan□anbetra□□□b□cktoanc□□ntChin□□ephil□s□phy,□articu□a□□□Confuc□a□is□□□□Daoi□m.Confu□ius,oneofthe□o□ti□f□uential□h□l□□op□er□□nChines□his□ory,emph□s□z□□□he□mportan□□□□□□□□□),□h□c□□a□□etr□ns□a□edas"ben□v□len□□□or"huma□en□ss."□□co□□in□toConfuc□□s□R□nis□hefundamen□a□vir□ue□hatdefines□u□ann□t□r□□□□guides□□ra□behavior.□a□□stph□lo□op□ers□□□t□eothe□□and,□oc□se□on□hen□tura□andsp□n□□□□ou□a□pectsofhu□an□□tu□e,a□□oc□tin□for□□e□□rntos□mpl□□i□yandharmonyw□tht□eDao□道),□rth□Way." />
Theco□c□pt□f□enZhaD□BenYu□nc□n□etracedback□oan□ientChinesephilosophy□particularlyConfucianismandDaoism□□onf□□ius,on□□□□hemostin□luent□a□philosophersinChines□history,empha□izedth□□mportanc□ofRen(仁□,whichcanbetra□slatedas"benev□lence"or"humanen□ss□"Accor□ingtoConfucius□R□nisthefundamenta□virtuethatdefineshumannatu□e□ndguides□□□□lbehavior.D□oist□hilosophers,ont□eothe□□and,focuse□onthe□atur□□an□sp□□taneousaspe□tsofhu□□nn□tu□e,□dvocat□ngfo□are□urn□□simp□icity□ndh□rmony□iththeDao(□),ortheWay.□>□p>The□on□□□to□□enZh□DeBe□Yuan□anbetra□e□b□cktoancientChin□□ephilos□phy,particu□a□l□Confuc□a□is□□n□Daoi□m.Confucius,oneofthe□osti□f□uential□h□l□□opher□□nChines□his□ory,emphas□z□□theimportanc□of□e□(仁),□hic□□an□etranslatedas"ben□volen□e"or"humanen□ss."□ccor□in□toConfuc□□s,R□nisthefundamen□alvirtue□hatdefines□u□annature□n□guides□□ralbehavior.□a□□stph□lo□op□ers□ont□eotherhand,□ocuse□onthenaturalandsponta□□ou□aspectsofhuman□ature,a□voc□tin□fora□et□rntosimplici□yandharmonywitht□eDao(道),orth□Way. TheconceptofRenZh□DeBe□Yuancan□□tracedbacktoanc□e□tChineseph□l□sop□y,par□icularlyCon□□cianismandDaoism□C□nfuci□s,one□fthemostinf□□ent□alphilosophe□□inCh□ne□ehis□ory,emphasizedthe□mpo□tanceofRen□仁),wh□c□canbetranslatedas"be□□volence"or"human□ne□s."Ac□□rdingtoCon□uciu□,Renisthefundamentalvirtue□hatd□fin□shumannatureandguidesmoralbe□□vi□r.Daois□□hilo□□p□ers,ontheotherh□□d,□ocusedont□ena□uralan□spontaneousasp□ctso□huma□n□□□re,□dvo□at□□gforareturntosim□licityandhar□ony□iththeDao(道)□ortheWay.<□□> Thec□nc□ptofR□nZ□aDeB□nYuanc□□betr□cedbac□□oancientC□ines□ph□□os□p□y,particularlyCon□ucianismandDaoism.Confuci□s,on□ofthemostinfluen□ialphilosophersinChine□ehisto□y,emphasizedtheimport□nceofRe□□仁)□which□anbetranslatedas"b□nevo□ence"or"human□ness."□ccordingtoConfuciu□□R□n□st□efunda□entalvirtuethatdefineshumannatu□eandgu□desm□ralbe□avior.Da□ist□hiloso□hers,ontheotherhand□focusedonthen□t□ralands□ontaneousaspectsofh□man□a□□r□□□dvocatingf□□areturn□osimplici□y□ndha□mo□y□ithth□D□o(道),orth□Way.□> □hec□ncepto□□en□ha□eBen□□ancanbe□racedba□ktoan□i□nt□hinesephi□□sophy,particularl□Co□fucianismandDaoism□Confu□i□s,oneofth□mosti□fluent□alphilosop□□rsinChinesehis□ory,e□phasi□ed□he□mportanc□ofRen(仁),whichcanbetranslatedas"benev□len□e□o□"humanenes□.□Acc□rdingtoC□nfucius,Renisthe□u□dam□ntalvir□uethatdefineshuma□nature□nd□uidesmor□lbehavior.Daoistphil□sophers,ontheo□h□rha□□,f□cuse□onthenaturalands□ontaneousaspe□tsofhumanna□ure,advocatingf□rar□tu□nto□implic□ty□ndharmony□it□t□□D□o(道),o□theWay.